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Picture Books as Framing Texts: Research Paper Strategies for Struggling Writers | Read Write Think
In this lesson, students use picture books as frames for structuring research projects. They read the framing text, brainstorm the details included in the text, and discuss what the writer has chosen to include and leave out. Students are given a research assignment and identify key questions to answer as they research.
They return to the framing text and analyze its structure, looking for elements of organization and the kinds of information included on each page. They use the structure of the framing text to create a guiding pattern for their own pages. Students write drafts of their pages, then again return to the framing text, this time exploring the language—similes, sentence variety, etc. They apply the same analysis to their own writing.
Finally, research paper strategies for struggling writers, students revise and publish their pages in the style of the framing text, create a bibliography, research paper strategies for struggling writers, and compile the pages into a class book. Possible Framing Texts for Research Projects : The picture books on this booklist are suitable texts for framing student research papers. Sample Detail List and Search Guide : Use this list, based on Megan McDonald's My House Has Starsas a sample when students are brainstorming details and writing guiding questions for their own research projects.
Research papers can fill any teacher with dread. Deborah Dean explains that in her experience, most research papers "sounded like encyclopedias: voiceless stacks of facts loaded on top of each other with a few quotes thrown in randomly" Since her students did not have exposure to other alternatives, Dean continues, "their default strategy was to mimic the sources they used-encyclopedias or Internet sources that sounded research paper strategies for struggling writers encyclopedias" Dean's search for more effective ways to frame student writing led her to James Collins, who states: "We use default writing strategies precisely because we can do so without thinking much about them; this frees the mind for thinking about problems and challenges encountered while writing" In this lesson, picture books give students frames for structuring research projects, freeing them from the language of their encyclopedia sources and allowing them to focus their attention on the content of the paper.
This resource has been aligned to the Common Core State Standards for states in which they have been adopted. If a state does not appear in the drop-down, CCSS alignments are forthcoming. This lesson has been aligned to standards in the following states. If a state does not appear in the drop-down, standard alignments are not currently available for that state, research paper strategies for struggling writers.
For basic mini-lessons on the features of a research paper, consider these Research Building Blocks lesson plans:. We have launched the new ReadWriteThink. org and we would love to get your feedback: Give Feedback. Give Feedback. Breadcrumb Home Classroom Resources Lesson Plans. Standard Lesson. Picture Books as Framing Texts: Research Paper Strategies for Struggling Writers. Five minute sessions plus independent writing and research time.
Traci Gardner. Instructor of Technical Writing. Featured Resources. From Theory to Practice. Framing Texts: New Strategies for Student Writers Dean. Further Reading. Common Core Standards.
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Grade Select 6 7 8. State Standards. State Select Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington Washington DC West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming.
Students read a wide range of print and nonprint texts to build an understanding of texts, of themselves, and of the cultures of the United States and the world; to acquire new information; to respond to the needs and demands of society and the workplace; and for personal fulfillment. Among these texts are fiction and nonfiction, classic and contemporary works.
Students adjust their use of spoken, written, and visual language e. Students apply knowledge of language structure, language conventions e. Students conduct research on issues and interests by generating ideas and questions, and by posing problems.
They gather, evaluate, and synthesize data from a variety of sources e. Students use a variety of technological and information resources e. Students participate as knowledgeable, reflective, creative, research paper strategies for struggling writers, and critical members of a variety of literacy communities, research paper strategies for struggling writers.
Students use spoken, written, and visual language to accomplish their own purposes e. Materials and Technology. Several copies of the framing picture book, ideally one for each small group of 4 to 5 students see booklist Access to reference books and Internet sites matching the writing project e. Sample Detail List and Search Guide for McDonald's My House Has Stars Picture-Book Research Paper Rubric. The World Factbook. National Geographic MapMachine, research paper strategies for struggling writers.
Purdue Owl's Online Writing Lab. Landmarks Citation Machine. Choose a framing picture book or books for students. Megan McDonald's My House Has Stars and David Smith's If the World Were a Village are ideal for this project. Other possible framing texts are also available. Read the sample brainstorming list and research questions for McDonald's My House Has Starsand determine the kinds of opening questions and prompts to ask students as they compile lists and research questions of their own for the project.
Customize discussion starters and tasks for the particular picture book that you've chosen: McDonald's My House Has Stars includes similar information for each house, research paper strategies for struggling writers, so a shared list and search guide is appropriate for the class.
David Smith's If the World Were a Village includes a different topic on each page. Students might brainstorm their lists and establish guiding research questions in small groups, based on the topic for the pages their group will create.
The unifying focus for projects modeled on Smith's book will be finding numerical data that can be research paper strategies for struggling writers for a village of e. If you choose one of the framing texts that is based on calendar dates such as Burleigh's Black Whiteness or McKissack and McKissack's Christmas in the Big House, Christmas in the Quartersstudents can identify key dates as they are brainstorming their lists.
Customize the Picture-Book Research Paper Rubric as research paper strategies for struggling writers to match the framing picture books that your students are using for this project.
Build in time during this lesson for students to complete their research, draft their pages, and share their drafts with peers.
Work can be completed as homework or you may provide independent or group research time in class. Allowing time for library and Internet research is highly recommended. This lesson includes details for the formal group sessions only. Test the ReadWriteThink Printing Press on your computers to familiarize yourself with the tool and ensure that you have the Flash plug-in installed.
You can download the plug-in from the technical support page. Explore the options that the tool provides so that you can guide students' decisions during Session Five, matching the available templates to the research paper strategies for struggling writers book frame that you are using for the project.
In most cases, the Flyer or the Newspaper template will be most appropriate. Student Objectives. Students will practice doing research. improve their research-based writing. practice writing cooperatively in groups. build a strategy for understanding texts that will help them as writers in a variety of situations.
Session One. Read the introduction, at least two individual story pages, and the conclusion of research paper strategies for struggling writers picture book to the class. Be sure that students understand the way that the book is set up and the point that it is making. Divide students into small groups, and ask students to read and explore more pages in the framing picture book.
As they explore the picture book, ask students to list the kinds of details that the author has included in each of the individual descriptions. Ask students to think about what writers choose to write about and what they leave out.
You can consult the sample for Megan McDonald's My House Has Stars to guide the brainstorming. Have students share their lists at the end of the session, listing the items on the board or on chart paper. Save the lists so that you return to them in the following session. Session Two. Give students their research writing assignment, based on the framing text. The World Factbook and National Geographic MapMachine are useful resources for either assignment: For McDonald's My House Has Stars, ask students to research a research paper strategies for struggling writers of their heritage for a class book like McDonald's.
Each student contributes a page on a house in his or research paper strategies for struggling writers country. This activity can be focused further by asking students to consider a specific state, province, or other geographic region.
For Smith's If the World Were a Villageask students to research a village in the country of their heritage—to describe the average village in that country for a book like Smith's. If desired, students can choose several pages from the book to focus their research on, rather than completing a page on every topic that Smith explores. Alternatively, students can each focus on a particular story from Smith's book e.
Again, the activity can be research paper strategies for struggling writers further by asking students to consider a research paper strategies for struggling writers state, province, or region. Explain that students will include the sources that they use for their research on a separate bibliography sheet. If you're planning on formal assessment of the pages, share the Picture-Book Research Paper Rubric with students and discuss the criteria for the project.
Divide students into small groups to review the lists from the previous session. In these small groups, ask students to identify the key questions that they will answer as they complete their contribution to the text.
6 Mistakes to avoid when writing your research paper – (Part 1)
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An additional (and advanced) way to help struggling learners to plan their writing product is STOP & LIST. This strategy involves four step s that students need to follow: (1) Sit down quietly, (2 Estimated Reading Time: 6 mins writing. Others can be more intricate as in breaking literacy down into parts. While looking at literacy for the purpose of this research paper, I looked specifically at what kinds of literacy strategies would help a child to bring up their reading levels. Strategies such as using context ensure that every customer has Research Paper Strategies For Struggling Writers a pleasant customer experience. Feel free to contact them anytime Research Paper Strategies For Struggling Writers you need via phone, email, and live chat. They will provide you with a detailed answer to each of your questions about the company’s services and prices for papers/10()
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